焦化發電機組是焦化行業實現能源回收利用的關鍵設備，主要利用生產過程中產生的可燃氣體和余熱資源進行發電，常見類型可按能源利用方式分為燃氣驅動型、余熱利用型及綜合回收型，各類機組在技術特點和應用場景上各有不同。

　　Coking power generation units are key equipment for energy recovery and utilization in the coking industry. They mainly use combustible gases and waste heat resources generated during the production process to generate electricity. Common types can be divided into gas driven, waste heat utilization, and comprehensive recovery types according to energy utilization methods. Each type of unit has different technical characteristics and application scenarios.

　　燃氣驅動型發電機組以焦化生產中產生的焦爐煤氣為核心燃料。焦爐煤氣是焦炭煉制時伴隨產生的可燃性氣體，含有大量氫氣和甲烷，經脫硫、脫萘等凈化處理后，可作為內燃機或燃氣輪機的燃料。其工作時，凈化后的煤氣與空氣按比例混合，在燃燒室中燃燒產生動力，直接驅動發電機運轉產生電能。這類機組的發電效率通常在 35% 左右，單臺功率可根據煤氣產量調整，從數百千瓦到數兆瓦不等。由于焦爐煤氣屬于生產副產品，用其發電能顯著降低燃料成本，同時減少直接排放帶來的污染，適合焦爐煤氣產量穩定的大中型焦化廠區。

　　Gas driven generator sets use coke oven gas produced in coking production as the core fuel. Coke oven gas is a combustible gas produced during coke refining, containing a large amount of hydrogen and methane. After purification treatment such as desulfurization and naphthalene removal, it can be used as fuel for internal combustion engines or gas turbines. When it works, the purified gas is mixed with air in proportion and burned in the combustion chamber to generate power, directly driving the generator to operate and produce electrical energy. The power generation efficiency of such units is usually around 35%, and the power of a single unit can be adjusted according to the gas production, ranging from several hundred kilowatts to several megawatts. Due to the fact that coke oven gas is a byproduct of production, using it for power generation can significantly reduce fuel costs and reduce pollution caused by direct emissions, making it suitable for large and medium-sized coking plants with stable coke oven gas production.

　　余熱利用型發電機組專注于回收生產過程中的余熱資源。焦化生產中，焦爐煙道氣、紅焦冷卻系統及荒煤氣等會釋放大量熱能，這些余熱通過余熱鍋爐轉化為高壓蒸汽，再驅動汽輪機帶動發電機發電。根據余熱溫度不同，設備配置有所區別：針對 300℃以上的高溫煙道氣，多采用過熱蒸汽系統，發電效率可達 20%；中低溫余熱（150-300℃）則適用飽和蒸汽系統，雖效率稍低，但能適應更廣泛的余熱來源。這類機組無需額外消耗燃料，運行成本低，且能減少熱污染，常作為輔助發電設備，與燃氣發電機組配合使用，提升整體能源利用率。

　　The waste heat utilization type generator set focuses on recovering waste heat resources during the production process. In coking production, a large amount of heat energy is released from coke oven flue gas, red coke cooling system, and raw coal gas. This waste heat is converted into high-pressure steam through a waste heat boiler, which then drives a steam turbine to generate electricity. According to different waste heat temperatures, equipment configurations vary: for high-temperature flue gas above 300 ℃, superheated steam systems are often used, with a power generation efficiency of up to 20%; Low to medium temperature waste heat (150-300 ℃) is suitable for saturated steam systems, although the efficiency is slightly lower, it can adapt to a wider range of waste heat sources. This type of unit does not require additional fuel consumption, has low operating costs, and can reduce thermal pollution. It is often used as an auxiliary power generation equipment in conjunction with gas generators to improve overall energy utilization efficiency.

　　綜合回收型發電機組是結合了燃氣發電和余熱利用的復合系統。其典型流程為：焦爐煤氣先進入燃氣輪機發電，燃氣輪機排出的高溫廢氣（約 500℃）被引入余熱鍋爐，產生的蒸汽推動汽輪機再次發電，形成 “燃氣 - 蒸汽聯合循環”。這種組合方式能將能源利用效率提升至 45% 以上，大幅高于單一機組。同時，系統還可回收發電過程中產生的余熱用于廠區供暖或生產用水加熱，實現能源梯級利用。綜合回收型機組適合對能源利用效率要求高的大型焦化企業，尤其在進行節能改造時，能最大限度發揮能源回收潛力。

　　A comprehensive recycling generator set is a composite system that combines gas-fired power generation and waste heat utilization. The typical process is as follows: coke oven gas first enters the gas turbine for power generation, and the high-temperature exhaust gas (about 500 ℃) discharged from the gas turbine is introduced into the waste heat boiler. The generated steam drives the turbine to generate electricity again, forming a "gas steam combined cycle". This combination method can increase energy utilization efficiency to over 45%, significantly higher than a single unit. At the same time, the system can also recover the waste heat generated during the power generation process for heating the factory area or heating the production water, achieving energy cascade utilization. The comprehensive recycling unit is suitable for large coking enterprises with high energy utilization efficiency requirements, especially when carrying out energy-saving renovations, which can maximize the potential of energy recovery.

　　此外，還有針對特定場景的小型發電機組，如利用焦化污水處理過程中產生的沼氣發電的小型內燃機機組。這類機組功率通常在幾十至兩百千瓦，可就近為污水處理設備供電，形成 “廢物 - 能源 - 生產” 的循環模式，適合中小型焦化廠的環保配套環節。

　　In addition, there are small generator sets designed for specific scenarios, such as small internal combustion engine units that use biogas generated during coking wastewater treatment to generate electricity. This type of unit typically has a power of tens to 200 kilowatts and can supply power to nearby sewage treatment equipment, forming a "waste energy production" cycle mode, suitable for environmental protection supporting links in small and medium-sized coking plants.

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